Child, early and forced marriage (CEFM) can have severe implications for human and social development, with a great risk for the violation of sexual and reproductive rights of underage child brides and mothers. CEFM has significant ramifications for the survival, adequate growth, and healthy development of children, which has been increasingly studied in recent years. ECPAT International and Plan International have collaborated to contribute to the knowledge gap related to child rights violations of CEFM and overall vulnerability.

This report explores the interconnections linking CEFM to sexual abuse and exploitation of children, including those of a commercial nature. It also proposes a conceptual framework through which to analytically examine the various forms of sexual violence being perpetrated in the context of early marriage.