School Emergency Drills

There is evidence that school drills play a pivotal role in both the gradual improvement of school Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), and response preparedness. There is also scholarly consensus that emergency response skills are important to master, and that school drills provide children and adults with important opportunities to learn and practice protective actions and build confidence in such actions. The research also suggests how to improve school drills to make them more effective. The findings support recommendations in two areas: individual capacitybuilding, with suggestions for how to supplement and modify drills, test realistic scenarios, avoid confusion and build confidence; and organisational capacity-building, with suggestions for ‘after-action reviews’ processes, and developing links between school, household and community preparedness.

已有的实践性研究表明，应急演练在学校减灾和备灾方面发挥着关键作用。学术界也一致认为，学校演练为儿童和成人提供了学习和实践防护技能的重要机会，并增加他们对使用技能的信心。救助儿童会委托专家综合相关研究，总结出六条经验和实操建议。本文对该项成果进行了编译。原文作者为： Victoria A. Johnson，独立顾问 Briony Towers 皇家墨尔本理工大学 城市研究中心； Marla Petal，救助儿童会。