Including Children in Disaster Risk Reduction

Research shows that inclusion is easier to put forward in policy guidelines than to translate into practice. Inclusion is a long-term process that requires sustainable transfer of power to people, including children, who usually lack the ability to make decisions on matters that affect their everyday life. Inclusion in disaster risk reduction (DRR) requires the genuine participation of children, which is often a long and complicated process. It requires the negotiation of power relations between both children and adults, and between children themselves. Therefore, it is a political process that often generates resistance from those whose privileges are challenged. Inclusion and participation may involve addressing deep-seated and culturally sensitive issues that require careful facilitation if prompted by outside stakeholders. Ultimately, fostering inclusion in DRR means recognising that children, including the most marginalised, are not only vulnerable but display capacities that often constitute a crucial resource in dealing with hazards and disasters.

研究表明，在政策指导中提出全纳，比将其转化为实践更为容易。全纳是一个长期过程，需要可持续地将权力移交给包括儿童在内的群体，这些人通常缺乏在影响他们日常生活的事情上做决策的能力。减轻灾害风险（减灾）中的全纳需要儿童的真正参与，这往往是一个漫长而复杂的过程。它需要对儿童与成年人之间以及儿童之间的权力关系进行协商。因此，这是特权受到挑战的人往往会抵制的一个政治进程。提倡全纳和参与可能会涉及解决根深蒂固且具有文化敏感性的问题，如果外部利益相关方想要协助解决这些问题，则需特别谨慎。归根结底，促进减灾中的全纳性意味着，要认识到儿童，包括最边缘化的那些儿童，不仅具有脆弱性，而且还具备能力，儿童具备的能力通常会成为应对致灾因子和灾害的重要资源。