Early Childhood and Disaster Risk Reduction

The impacts of hazards and threats can be significantly modified through adequate risk reduction and preparedness. The factors that contribute to effective disaster risk reduction (DRR) have been documented and widely applied. However, the nuances of DRR that relate specifically to very young and preschool-aged children are less prominent in the literature, despite the heightened vulnerability of children below the age of eight years. This paper reviews the research and practice literature about early childhood and DRR. A focus on early childhood can be incorporated at national, community, classroom and household levels. The very process of undertaking a DRR assessment for young children has been shown to stimulate raised awareness and increased support for this age group. Information sharing and participatory activities that acknowledge the capabilities of pre- school- aged children are effective DRR mechanisms.

充分的减灾备灾工作可以大大改善致灾因子和威胁的影响。目前，有助于有效减少灾害风险（ DRR ，下称“减灾 ”）的因素已被证实并广泛应用。然而，尽管 8 岁以下的儿童更加脆弱，各种文献却没有凸显与幼儿和学龄前儿童相关的减灾的具体特点。本文梳理有关幼儿期与减灾的研究和实践文献，认为可以在国家、社区、教育场所和家庭层面上关注这一问题。已有证据显示，对幼儿进行减灾评估的过程本身就可以提高对这一年龄群体的认识，增加对他们的支持。在承认学龄前儿童能力基础上的信息共享和参与式活动是有效的减灾机制。