Every year, emergencies put millions of children at risk worldwide. Whether due to natural hazards, technological disasters, health emergencies, conflicts, or a combination, emergencies affect young children’s security, health, emotional and psychosocial development. This impact in not only short term – it can affect their long term development right through childhood and well into adulthood, affecting their well-being and that of their families and wider communities. The primary audience for this guide are those from education, child protection, health, nutrition and WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) sectors who are responsible for the design and implementation of programmes, including staff of international and national NGOs and UN agencies.