This report examines the impact of explosive weapons on children and their communities. Thousands of children have been killed as a direct consequence of explosive weapons. Many more have died or will die because of the damage caused to health services and infrastructure. Many thousands more will have to live with the physical, mental, environmental and economic consequences. The general inattention to the impact of explosive weapons on children sets a dangerous precedent and must be challenged.This report outlines:The impact of explosive weapons on children and their communities; The international human rights and legal framework that could and should be implemented to protect children; Three steps towards minimising the impact of explosive weapons on children and recommendations to the international community, governments and non-governmental organisations (NGOs).